The Importance of Exercise for Youth Brain Development and Mental Health

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By Lori McIntire, MSW, LCSW – May 27, 2026 –

Raising happy, healthy children is a top priority for most parents. They ensure their kids attend all their medical check-ups, provide for their basic needs, nurture and guide them, and offer emotional support, aiming to foster optimal mental and physical health in their little ones.

What about making sure their kids are physically active? The physical health benefits of exercise are clear: disease prevention, improved cardiovascular health, weight management, bone strengthening, and enhanced overall well-being. But we must also ask ourselves, what are the mental health benefits of routine physical activity?

We can no longer deny and must respect the mind-body connection. An intricate relationship exists between our emotions, thoughts, attitudes, and physical health. This relationship is especially important concerning child and adolescent brain development.

When we exercise, the blood flow to the brain increases, delivering more oxygen and nutrients to the brain. The chemicals produced and released during exercise act like fertilizer for brain cells, creating new neural connections and strengthening existing ones. These neural connections are responsible for memory, learning, and emotional regulation. Dr Sarah Thompson, pediatric neurologist, explains it simply: “When kids exercise, their brains become more flexible and resilient. It is like giving their minds a playground to grow and develop.”

In today’s world, children face numerous stressors, including academic pressures, family-related issues, and social challenges. However, according to Katrina Starr, PhD, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that exercise helps relieve symptoms of common childhood mental health conditions, including anxiety, depression, and ADHD. Exercise can also serve as a protective factor against stress by enhancing the brain’s resilience to it.

Exercise triggers three important brain chemicals known as neurotransmitters: endorphins (mood elevators), serotonin (happiness hormone), and dopamine (motivation/rewards). This natural brain boost explains why children often feel more focused, calm, and happy after physical activity. According to recent research, active children typically demonstrate better focus in class, stronger memory retention, and improved problem-solving abilities. Therefore, disciplining children by removing recess breaks may prove to be counterproductive. In addition, parents should also consider movement breaks after school before asking children to sit down to tackle homework.

To expand, cardio exercise can be especially beneficial for youth who are diagnosed with ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). Exercise can improve focus, retention, executive functioning, and decrease impulsivity. Those with ADHD may also function better in social situations, allowing them to make and retain friendships more easily. Structured activities like martial arts, swimming, and team sports that highlight individual performance, like track and field, can be helpful in this population.

In addition to increasing the happiness hormones, exercise also decreases the stress hormone, cortisol, and reduces anxiety. Exercise can also decrease depression symptoms by distracting the child from negative thoughts and self-talk. Exercise can also increase self-confidence. For example, mastering new skills like jumping rope, landing a back handspring, or throwing a spiral football pass can create a sense of accomplishment and satisfaction. Exercise can be a good source of social support if kids are engaged in a team sport, a group class, or have an exercise buddy.

As parents, we have the power to shape our children’s views of exercise and fitness. It is important to be positive role models and create opportunities to move with your child. It is not necessary to develop a complicated, expensive fitness plan for your family. Start by choosing one physical activity to try with your child this week. Go for a walk, have a scavenger hunt in the park, ride a bike, shoot hoops, or play a game of catch. You might find you notice improvement in your mental health, too!

Lori McIntire, MSW, LCSW, is a Youth First Mental Health Professional at Westside Catholic School (St. Agnes and St. Boniface campuses) in Vanderburgh County. Youth First, Inc., is a nonprofit dedicated to strengthening youth and families. Youth First provides over 100 highly trained mental health professionals (primarily master’s level social workers), prevention programs, parent engagement coordinators, and bilingual support personnel to 130 schools across 14 Indiana counties. Over 55,000 youth and families each year are served by Youth First’s school-based social work and community programs that promote mental health, prevent substance misuse, and maximize student success. To learn more about Youth First, visit youthfirstinc.org or call 812-421-8336.

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Is Your Child Suffering from “Digital Overload?”

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By Camryn Cater, MSW, LSW – May 20, 2026 –

Technology. It’s everywhere, woven into the fabric of our daily lives, influencing how we work, communicate and live. While the use of technology can be beneficial to children, it can also have negative effects. Excessive screen time can impact children cognitively, academically, physically, socially, behaviorally, and mentally.

As our world evolves, technology is reducing real-world interaction, creating continuous stimulation and exposing children to harmful content at increasingly younger ages. Our technology-driven world is physically altering children’s brain chemistry, creating many risks during critical developmental years. Therefore, parents and guardians need to take steps to create a safer environment and promote a healthy balance for kids.

Children are often introduced to tablets, iPads, iPhones, and apps like YouTube long before they enter kindergarten. Because the early years are critical to cognitive and social development, the experiences children have during this time can strongly influence their future success. Although technology can improve classroom efficiency and provide valuable educational support, excessive use may hinder a student’s ability to develop essential learning skills. 

High exposure to technology can significantly contribute to lower academic achievement. The instant gratification provided by digital devices and media may shorten children’s attention spans, making it more difficult for them to concentrate on slower-paced or less stimulating tasks. In addition, constant overstimulation from technology can also interfere with healthy brain development and negatively impact memory, focus, and critical thinking abilities. Without these essential foundational skills, students may struggle to meet academic expectations and perform successfully in school. 

Increased technology use can also lead to physical health problems. Children are spending less time playing outdoors, engaging in imaginative play, and participating in physical activity. This shift has contributed to increased rates of obesity among children and teens. Another concern is prolonged exposure to blue light, which can cause eye strain and sleep disturbances.

Technology also impacts children socially. With fewer in-person interactions, school may be one of the only places children socialize face-to-face with peers. Children who spend excessive time on devices may struggle more with conflict resolution, empathy, and basic social interactions. Social media further complicates this by exposing children to highlight reels of influencers, celebrities, and peers. Constant comparison can lead to lower self-esteem, which may contribute to mental health struggles such as anxiety and depression.

Overconsumption of technology can also increase the risk of cyberbullying. Children now communicate with peers at all hours of the day, allowing them to hide behind screens and act unkindly, sometimes anonymously. Children may see posts showing events they were not invited to or may be included in group messages they do not want to be part of. They may also be exposed to information that is not age appropriate.

How can parents avoid digital overload in their children? First, establish clear, consistent boundaries around screen time (such as no screens allowed in bedrooms, at the dinner table, or after a certain time). Involve your kids in creating a family media plan, which makes rules around screen time feel like a shared agreement rather than a punishment.

Parents should also model healthy screen-time habits in their own daily lives. Encourage alternative, non-digital hobbies such as reading, playing board games, crafting, playing sports, and engaging in outdoor activities. In addition, parents should guide children toward interactive or educational content rather than passive scrolling. Whenever possible, co-view media with your kids to promote discussion, engagement, and meaningful family interaction.

Parental control tools and software can be used to block inappropriate content and set screen time limits. And most importantly, have open conversations with your kids about why limits exist and to “pause, think and report” when they encounter disturbing content or someone acting inappropriately online.

For more specific age-appropriate guidelines, consider the 3-6-9-12 rule to guide your approach: No screens before age 3, no consoles before age 6, no internet before age 9, and no social media before age 12.

Camryn Cater, MSW, LSW, is a Youth First Mental Health Professional at Scott Elementary School in Vanderburgh County. Youth First, Inc., is a nonprofit dedicated to strengthening youth and families. Youth First provides over 100 highly trained mental health professionals (primarily master’s level social workers), prevention programs, parent engagement coordinators, and bilingual support personnel to 130 schools across 14 Indiana counties. Over 55,000 youth and families each year are served by Youth First’s school-based social work and community programs that promote mental health, prevent substance misuse, and maximize student success. To learn more about Youth First, visit youthfirstinc.org or call 812-421-8336.

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Meaningful Summer Activities for Your Kids

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By Maggie Robertson, MSW, LSW – May 13, 2026 –

Summer can be stressful and chaotic for some families. When kids are out of school, it can be difficult for parents and guardians to keep them busy all day. Having a plan or a “bucket list” for the summer can be helpful for families. Meaningful summer activities for kids don’t have to be expensive or overly structured. The key is to give them chances to grow, explore, and feel capable.

Here are some strong ideas:

1. Reading challenges or library programs – These programs help prevent the “summer slide,” where kids lose academic skills. Reading also builds imagination, focus, and confidence, especially when kids get to choose what they read. Get involved with your local library’s summer programs, which are usually free and have activities planned for different age groups.

2. Outdoor play and nature exploration – Think about exploring parks, hiking, gardening, or even just enjoying unstructured backyard time. These activities support physical health, reduce stress, and help kids develop creativity and problem-solving skills without constant adult direction. A do-it-yourself (DIY) scavenger hunt can be easy to throw together and completely free. The more time kids spend outside, the better it is for their mental health and overall mood.

3. Chores and responsibility-building tasks – Giving kids regular responsibilities (laundry, cooking simple meals, helping with younger siblings) builds independence, accountability, and life skills they will use. Create a chart to hang on the refrigerator, with different chores and responsibilities for their specific age each day. It can be as easy as “making your bed” or “taking out the trash.”

4. Creative projects (art, music, building, journaling) – Creative outlets allow kids to express emotions, build patience, and take pride in finishing something. It’s also great for kids who may not thrive in traditional academic settings. Creative outlets may include designing and creating a journal for them to write in every day, painting rocks, or a simple craft in the dollar section at Dollar General. For extra creativity points, use items you already have at home to build or create something unique.

5. Community service or helping others – Volunteering, helping neighbors, or doing small acts of kindness teaches empathy, perspective, and a sense of purpose beyond themselves. While you’re at your local park, take a break from playing and pick up trash or volunteer at the local library, checking out books or restocking. Help a neighbor with yard work. Nursing homes and assisted living facilities usually welcome guests to interact with their residents or even eat lunch with them. 

6. Social time with peers – Playdates, camps, or team activities help kids practice communication, conflict resolution, and teamwork—skills that don’t come from screens. It’s as easy as inviting a friend over or registering for your local summer camp.

7. Learning a new skill – This could include cooking, riding a bike, coding, or even starting a small business (like a lemonade stand). Learning something new builds confidence and shows kids they can learn through effort.

8. Family time and shared experiences – Game nights, day trips, or even cooking together strengthen relationships and give kids a sense of security and belonging. Whatever you are doing, doing it as a family can be beneficial.

What makes these activities important isn’t just that they keep kids busy; they build independence, emotional skills, and real-world confidence in ways school sometimes can’t.

Maggie Robertson, MSW, LSW, is a Youth First Mental Health Professional at North Daviess Jr-Sr High School in Daviess County. Youth First, Inc., is a nonprofit dedicated to strengthening youth and families. Youth First provides over 100 highly trained mental health professionals (primarily master’s level social workers), prevention programs, parent engagement coordinators, and bilingual support personnel to 130 schools across 14 Indiana counties. Over 55,000 youth and families each year are served by Youth First’s school-based social work and community programs that promote mental health, prevent substance misuse, and maximize student success. To learn more about Youth First, visit youthfirstinc.org or call 812-421-8336.

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ADHD – More than an “Attention Problem”

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By Beth Thomas, MSW, LSW – May 6, 2026 –

Parenting a child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can sometimes feel overwhelming, leading to feelings of frustration, stress, confusion, or even feeling disrespected by your child. Children with ADHD are often unfairly labeled as “lazy” or “daydreamers,” but these characterizations are common misconceptions that overlook the neurological basis of the condition and the challenges it presents.

ADHD is a medical condition, more specifically a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects how the brain develops and functions. Differences in brain structure and activity can influence areas responsible for executive functioning, including planning, organization, task completion, sustained attention, and the regulation of emotions and impulses. Individuals with ADHD often have differences in dopamine activity, a brain chemical that plays an important role in motivation, reward, and attention.

ADHD and its symptoms can affect nearly every aspect of a person’s life, influencing both workplace performance and everyday self-management. The condition is typically categorized into two main types: inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive. Some individuals experience features of both, known as the combined type.

Symptoms of the inattentive type often include frequently misplacing essential items (such as a cell phone, glasses, or keys), difficulty maintaining focus on tasks or conversations, and trouble fully listening when spoken to, sometimes becoming easily distracted or interrupting others. Individuals with the hyperactive-impulsive type may fidget, struggle to remain seated, interrupt conversations, or respond to questions before they are fully asked. Those with the combined type of ADHD experience a mix of symptoms from both categories.

Studies show that there are measurable anatomical differences between the brains of individuals diagnosed with ADHD and those without the condition. Although the exact cause of ADHD has not yet been identified, ongoing research continues to deepen our understanding. In addition to potential genetic influences, several non-genetic factors have been linked to ADHD, including premature birth, high levels of stress experienced by the mother and baby during pregnancy, and prenatal exposure to toxins such as tobacco smoke or alcohol.

More than 65% of individuals with ADHD are also diagnosed with at least one additional condition, often referred to as a coexisting or comorbid condition. These can include anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, mood disorders, behavioral and conduct disorders, autism spectrum disorder, sleep-related difficulties, and learning disabilities.

There are a variety of treatments available for ADHD. Typically, the most common treatments are therapy, medication, and/or lifestyle changes. No one treatment will work the same for everyone. It is important and encouraged to talk with a professional about any concerns, questions, or interests you have concerning ADHD treatments. With the appropriate treatment, someone with ADHD can live a fulfilling and successful life.

Beth Thomas, MSW, LSW, is a Youth First Mental Health Professional at Hebron Elementary School in Vanderburgh County. Youth First, Inc., is a nonprofit dedicated to strengthening youth and families. Youth First provides over 100 highly trained mental health professionals (primarily master’s level social workers), prevention programs, parent engagement coordinators, and bilingual support personnel to 130 schools across 14 Indiana counties. Over 55,000 youth and families each year are served by Youth First’s school-based social work and community programs that promote mental health, prevent substance misuse, and maximize student success. To learn more about Youth First, visit youthfirstinc.org or call 812-421-8336.

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